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- <text id=93TT0864>
- <title>
- Sep. 20, 1993: Reviews:Books
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Sep. 20, 1993 Clinton's Health Plan
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- Spectator, Page 89
- Advertisements for Themselves
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>In modern huckstering, the celebrities become the product
- </p>
- <p>By Kurt Anderson
- </p>
- <p> Hucksterism is a deeply American trait. P.T. Barnum was a truer
- man of his time and place than Henry James, and sharpies' 19th
- century land-promoting broadsides sucked more settlers west
- than any high-minded exhortations to manifest destiny. If England
- is a nation of shopkeepers, the U.S. is a land of pitchmen;
- it is part of the national charm.
- </p>
- <p> Modern advertising and modern celebrity arose simultaneously
- in America. The symbiosis was automatic, and Sarah Bernhardt
- leased her name and reputation to merchandisers decades before
- Cher was born, let alone starring in infomercials for personal-grooming
- products. At first endorsements were simply that: straightforward
- firsthand testimonials about the virtues of a product. William
- McKinley appeared in Waterman pen ads even while he was in the
- White House ("An invaluable pocket companion").
- </p>
- <p> Those sorts of literal endorsements tend to make us cringe nowadays,
- whether at the primitivism, or the low state to which some public
- person has been reduced (George McGovern for Pritikin Longevity
- Centers), or the intimacy of real-life typecasting (manic-depressive
- Patty Duke touting a chain of for-profit psychiatric hospitals).
- Because consumers are too skeptical to put much stock in guarantees
- delivered by hired celebrities, and because major stars find
- it demeaning to recommend any product explicitly, mainstream
- celebritocentric advertising has become a subtle, weirdly stylized
- genre. Michael Jackson and Madonna don't do much more than appear
- in the vicinity of the Pepsi logo; Michael Douglas and Gene
- Hackman hire out for commercial voice-over work but--We're
- major artists!--decline to appear in ads or be identified
- by name. This is the age of virtual endorsement.
- </p>
- <p> Celebrity spokespeople are held only to a loose, don't-ask-don't-tell
- standard of credibility. Bill Cosby doesn't really serve Jell-O
- chocolate pudding at dinner parties? Duhhh. Almost nobody is
- naive enough anymore to believe the tacit advertising shams,
- but neither are celebrity endorsements registered as falsehoods--at least as long as the untruths aren't thrown in our faces.
- Only when vegetarian Cybill Shepherd served as a spokesperson
- for the beef industry did the commercial lie become insuperable.
- </p>
- <p> Since the late '80s, we have been asked to believe that Elizabeth
- Taylor, Julio Iglesias, Herb Alpert, Gabriela Sabatini, Joan
- Collins, Princess Stephanie, Dionne Warwick, Liza Minnelli,
- Sophia Loren and, of course, Cher are people whose eponymous
- perfumes are better than fragrances to which the names of show
- people have not been appended. Certainly Julio, Liz and Joan
- are people whom we instinctively believe to be intensely scented,
- but do even the buyers of White Diamonds imagine that Taylor
- concocted the stuff?
- </p>
- <p> Publishers have barreled down the same cynical, slippery slope.
- Not so long ago, readers of autobiographies were meant to understand
- that Sammy Davis or William Paley actually produced his memoir.
- About a decade ago, the pretense was dropped and ghostwriters'
- names went onto book jackets; nobody minded. Now comes an extraordinary
- new stage in this postmodern devolution: works of fiction that
- the nominal celebrity authors not only didn't write but that
- publishers and celebrities admit they didn't write.
- </p>
- <p> Following the success last year of Ivana Trump's ghostwritten
- dirt-dishing roman a clef about herself, Pocket Books is publishing
- another one--Free to Love, out next month--and openly discussing
- Ivana's role as a promotional figurehead. For the buyers of
- the Trump novels and the forthcoming mystery novels "by" Martina
- Navratilova, actual authorship is "a non-issue," says William
- Grose, a Pocket Books executive. The only problem, Grose says,
- is that people "are less willing to accept celebrity-fronted
- fiction when the celebrity is absent. The closer a buyer is
- able to brush against the individual, the more satisfied she
- is." The novels are pretexts; what audiences want is Ivana and
- Martina themselves, like Catholic pilgrims more interested in
- ogling the shard of a saint's bone than contemplating some boring
- sermon about St. Augustine.
- </p>
- <p> Is it any wonder? When television's cutting edge, MTV, consists
- of record ads passing as entertainment, where millions of people
- hoot and holler at pro "wrestling" matches they know to be utterly
- fake, of course women want to wear a pair of Joan Rivers' QVC
- earrings, splash on Elizabeth Taylor's White Diamonds and curl
- up with a copy of Ivana Trump's Free to Love. They aren't bothered
- by the artifice; they buy the lie.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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